Baseball is played between two teams with nine players each. The objective is to score more runs than the other team. A run is scored when a player advances around all the bases and returns to home plate.
Players take turns batting and fielding. When batting, players try to hit the ball into play and run counter-clockwise around the four bases: first, second, third, and home plate. When fielding, the defensive team tries to get the batting team out, typically by throwing them out at the bases or forcing them into outs like strikeouts, groundouts or flyouts.
The game is played on a baseball diamond with 60 feet 6 inches between bases. Pitchers throw from a pitcher's mound 60 feet 6 inches from home plate.
Teams get three outs per inning. A game lasts nine innings unless the score is tied, then extra innings are played until one team is ahead at the end of an inning.
Baseball bats: Made of wood, aluminum, or composite materials. Different lengths, weights, and barrel sizes suit different hitters and ages.
Baseballs: Standard baseballs weigh 5 to 5.25 ounces and have a 9 inch circumference. Made of cork and wrapped in cowhide leather.
Gloves: Fielders wear leather gloves, sized and designed for each fielding position. Catcher's mitts are heavily padded. Batting gloves provide grip and padding for hitters.
Helmets: Batting helmets and catcher's helmets protect hitters and catchers from wild pitches and foul balls.
Uniforms: Baseball caps, jerseys, pants, belts, and cleats make up the standard uniform. Numbers on jerseys identify each player.
Bases: First, second, and third bases are 15 inches square. Home plate is five-sided, pointing to first and third bases.
Additional equipment: Cups, base coaches' helmets, equipment bags, pine tar, rosin bags, ball buckets, ball scoops, and more.
Major League Baseball (MLB): The highest level of professional baseball with 30 teams split between the National League and American League. The regular season runs April to October, followed by the postseason and World Series.
World Baseball Classic (WBC): Premier international baseball tournament held every four years featuring national teams.
College baseball: Governed by the NCAA, college baseball is popular in the U.S., especially in the South and West. The College World Series is the championship tournament.
Minor league baseball: Includes Triple-A, Double-A, Single-A, short season and rookie leagues which develop players for MLB teams. Most MLB teams have minor league affiliates.
Youth baseball: Includes Little League (ages 4 to 12), Babe Ruth League (13 to 15) and American Legion (15 to 19).
MLB regular season: 162 games from April to October. Teams play mostly three- or four-game series against the same opponent.
All-Star Game: Midsummer exhibition where stars from the AL and NL face off. Home-field advantage in the World Series is at stake.
MLB scores, schedules and standings: Follow your favorite team's scores, upcoming schedules, division and wildcard standings on MLB.com, ESPN, and other sports platforms.
Playoffs and World Series: Postseason begins in October. 10 teams qualify - the three division winners and one wildcard in each league. Division Series, League Championships and World Series determine the champion.
Baseball Hall of Fame: Located in Cooperstown, NY, the Baseball Hall of Fame honors the sport's greatest players, managers, coaches, executives, umpires and journalists. Over 300 members have been inducted to date.
Popular MLB teams include the New York Yankees, Boston Red Sox, Chicago Cubs, L.A. Dodgers, and St. Louis Cardinals.
Baseball players are classified as hitters (batter), pitchers (throwing hand), and fielders (defensive position: first base, second base, shortstop, third base, outfield). Some players 'pitch and hit,' known as dual players.
Some of the best MLB players of all time include Babe Ruth, Willie Mays, Ted Williams, Hank Aaron, and Mickey Mantle. Current stars include Mike Trout, Mookie Betts, Christian Yelich, Cody Bellinger, and Manny Machado.
Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB): Japan's professional league, founded in 1950. Considered the highest level of baseball outside the Americas. Popular teams are the Yomiuri Giants and Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks.
Korea Baseball Organization (KBO) : Professional baseball league founded in Korea in 1982. 10 teams, very popular in South Korea and parts of Asia.
World Baseball Classic (WBC): Baseball's global tournament allows diverse countries to compete, including Japan, Korea, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Venezuela, Mexico, Australia, Italy, the Netherlands, and more.
Additional leagues exist in Cuba, Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Mexico, Australia, and Europe, though not as prominent as MLB, NPB, and KBO.
A standard baseball field consists of the diamond plus the outfield, with natural or artificial grass. The diamond includes the bases, pitcher's mound, batter's box, and catcher's box.
Outfield dimensions vary but are typically at least 325 feet from home plate. Center field is farthest from the batter's point of view. Yankee Stadium and Dodgers Stadium are legendary MLB ballparks.
Ballpark amenities include concessions, shops, restaurants, scoreboards, video screens, luxury suites, and more. Some minor league ballparks have fun features like splash zones, obstacle courses, Ferris wheels or carousels.
Wrigley Field and Fenway Park are iconic, historic MLB ballparks, built in 1914 and 1912 respectively. Newer retro-style MLB ballparks include Oriole Park at Camden Yards, AT&T Park, and Coors Field.
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